Primary
Marigold
In the Victorian language of flowers, signifies warmth and fierce affection.
October
October birth flowers
Marigold and Cosmos — and what each one was meant to say.
Secondary
Cosmos
In the Victorian language of flowers, signifies order and tranquillity.
Paired with the October birthstone
October pairs these flowers with Opal — Iridescent and multicoloured, hardness 5.5–6.5 on the Mohs scale. Gifts combining the two are a modern habit rather than a traditional one, but the colours were never chosen to clash.
Questions
What is the October birth flower?
Marigold is the primary flower, with Cosmos as the second.
What does it mean?
Warmth and fierce affection — as recorded in Victorian floriography, which is where the whole system comes from.